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Wildlife Reserves Singapore Group
  • 裕廊飞禽公园
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  • Humboldt Penguin

Humboldt penguin

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Quick facts

Lifespan

Lifespan

15-20 years

under human care

Diet

Diet

Fish

including anchovy and herring. Also squid.

Habitat

Habitat

Islands, rocky coasts

and surrounding waters

Range

Range

Subtropical Pacific coasts

of Chile and Peru

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The Humboldt penguins

Humboldt penguin

Humboldt penguin

The Humboldt penguin is a medium-sized black-and-white penguin. All of its upperparts, nape, forehead, throat and face are black, except for a white border stretching from its eye to around the ear-coverts, finally joining on its throat. The base of its bill is fleshy-pink. A black horseshoe shaped breast-band extends down its flanks to the thigh and the white belly is speckled with black spots.
El Niño effect

El Niño effect

It is named after the cool Humboldt current, which was in turn named after the 19th century German geographer Alexander von Humboldt. This nutrient-rich current supports schools of anchovies which are the main source of food for the birds. However, the El Niño climatic condition has altered the ocean’s stream systems in the east Pacific near the equator. El Niño can cause not only complete breeding failure but also slumps in numbers of adult Humboldts.
Languishing numbers

Languishing numbers

Humboldt penguins can breed year-round, with the main peaks in May and July and from September to December, but reproductive success is low. Entrapment in fishing nets, and illegal capture for meat and for the pet trade are the primary threats to this species. The Humboldt penguin is now protected in Chile and Peru but only time will tell if these efforts can help revive its languishing numbers.

Together, we protect wildlife

Penguins in peril

Penguins in peril

The Chilean National Zoo has successfully raised chicks from eggs abandoned by wild nesting pairs – an effort to mitigate threats faced by this species in the wild. Do support such conservation projects and community efforts to engage local fishermen and ecotourism outfits in the protection of this bird.  

IUCN 级别

VU

易危

在野外面临高灭绝风险

IUCN 濒危物种红色名录

IUCN 濒危物种红色名录

《IUCN 濒危物种红色名录》被普遍认为是全球最全面客观评估动植物种群保育级别的标准性文件。

DT

Data Deficient

Unknown risk of extinction

LC

无危

灭绝风险相对较低

NT

近危

在不久的将来可能成为易危物种

VU

易危

在野外面临高灭绝风险

EN

濒危

在野外面临很高的灭绝风险

CR

极危

在野外面临极高的灭绝风险

EW

野外灭绝

仅存活于人工养殖环境

EX

灭绝

野外与人工养殖环境均无存活个体

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新加坡野生动物保育集团
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上午 8:30 至傍晚 6:00(最后入园时间:下午 5:00)

我们全年每日开放。

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裕廊山2号,新加坡邮区628925

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